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TOPIC: nutrients deficiency Micro-nutrients???
#4851
wendy7 (Visitor)
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nutrients deficiency Micro-nutrients???  
Hello The newer fertilizers with Calcium and Magnesium, usually coupled with an high NO3 content induce a lot of micronutrient deficiencies. I can see them in the analysis but they are not yet ver obvious visually... Expect surprises similar to the CHC story, haydite, rockwhool and the like in the coming years with those fertilizers.
 
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#4852
Ray (Visitor)
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nutrients deficiency Micro-nutrients???  
Hello The newer fertilizers with Calcium and Magnesium, usually coupled with an high NO3 content induce a lot of micronutrient deficiencies. I can see them in the analysis but they are not yet ver obvious visually... Expect surprises similar to the CHC story, haydite, rockwhool and the like in the coming years with those fertilizers.
 
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#4853
solo_voyager (Visitor)
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nutrients deficiency Micro-nutrients???  
Hello High P is famous for inducing at least a severe Zn deficiency, sometimes a triple Zn/Mn/Fe deficiency, very difficult to diagnose visually. Zinc is essential to orchids, and most genus have Zn amounts ( foliar analysis) much higher than iron. Mn is usually pretty high too. The newer fertilizers with Calcium and Magnesium, usually coupled with an high NO3 content induce a lot of micronutrient deficiencies. I can see them in the analysis but they are not yet ver obvious visually... Expect surprises similar to the CHC story, haydite, rockwhool and the like in the coming years with those fertilizers. Crystalline fertilizers are very difficult to store properly. Micronutrients are usually gone by 3/4 to whole after only a year of storage... Try to make a 30 x concentrate of your powdered fertilizer. Usually there will be a lot of various crystals that will not dissolve, easy to spot. Quite common too... I have many orchid growers customers, not in the USA. Many of them are at a prehistoric age of growing orchids. I am sure they would win at the lottery with the luck they have ! Most are still trying to improve the growth of their plants, sometimes it works sometimes not. Last people to talk is right. Sometimes it is possible to undo their changes, sometimes not... Substrate and macronutrient fertilizers needs at least a year, more commonly 2 years to show any large problem. This group includes iron too. Micronutrients... it depends. Zinc and manganese is common today, because many growers abandoned the old mancozeb fungicide several years ago. Orchids have a quite high Zn content usually, and this content slowly drops over the years if not properly supplied. Count between 2 and 6 years for a plant to start funny yellow striping on the leaves, and many new small growths on the plant. Molybdenum deficiency is very common with the use of high NO3 fertilizers, but not yet a lot of obvious symptoms. Some plants here and there in a crop are grayish, dull green, or yellowish. Usually classified by the grower as weak plants ... It is translocatable, so expect a burst of weird looking plants in the years to come. It is hard to diagnose, as the levels can be higher than the recommended standard and still be deficient. NO3 (not total N) foliar analysis is the only way to assess molybdenum deficiency. Many growers are incredibly lucky. They will treat leaf spot with mancozeb, and provide an additionnal Zn/Mn shot valid for a couple of months or more, saving their plants. Sometimes they will forget to correct the pH of the fertilizer once. Enough for the plant to restore a part of its boron supply in an alkaline substrate. And so on... Now, ask most growers. Can you show me your foliar analysis ? Have you done any substrate analysis . A geranium grower will tell you yes . An orchid grower usually wazzat ? Even a chlorosis of the new growth must be diagnosed by a lab... iron deficiency exists, still many orchids suffer from iron toxicity, with levels over 800-1000. This is what killed many plants grown in haydite. Iron-EDTA will sometimes exchange the iron against manganese (ans zinc), and plants may improve with its use. This does not means that iron was the culprit. If you underfeed and use fish emulsion with an high Na content, you may have a sodium toxicity. Dendrobiums have proven to be able to replace a part of their potassium by sodium, during a potassium shortage... Basic : - Mix 1 part of substrate to 1 and an half part of water, by weight. Let stand overnight. Test the pH and EC. Optimum pH (according to foliar analysis, and comprising all possible deficiencies and toxicities of micronutrients) for SPENT medium is 5.7 for most hybrids of most common orchid genus... Optimupm extract EC  is over 400 and under 1000 ( depending on the genus). - Add some dolomitic limestone to raise the pH up to 6. - Use a 20-20-20 (best one is the 20-20-20 Florida Special from Peters/Scotts) at the microsiemens rates given above, pH 5.7, no more... - pH of the substrate will drop using this fertilizer. Check the water running out of the pot after a watering every other month. Too low, add lime. Too high, use epsom salts once. - Use from time to time a 15-5-15 CalMag or similar, but do not overdo it. Once every moth to once every other month is more than enough. Correct the pH to 5.7 too. - You may use calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate monthly , but I have to know that those are more in excess than deficiency amonghst the several dozen foliar and substrate samples I am doing yearly. Magnesium sulfate - epsom salts - serves to supply SO4-, lacking in many culture, and lowering the pH, therefore making micronutrients available. Otherwise, the magnesium itself has no effet. IF you do not believe it, use magnesium nitrate instead... Good luck with your plants.
 
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